Suicidal ideation questionnaire free download

Routine use of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation in psychiatric emergenct department. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. Tyrer P, Methuen C. Rating Scales in Psychiatry. In: Freeman C, Tyrer P eds. Research Methods in Psychiatry. Twenty suicide assessment instruments: Evaluation and recommendations.

Death Stud. Suicide: an overview. Couns Psychol. Assessment of suicidal intention: the Scale for Suicide Ideation. J Consult Clin Psychol. Hopelessness and eventual suicide: a year prospective study of patients hospitalized with suicidal ideation. Am J Psychiatry. Dimensions of suicidal ideation in psychiatric inpatients. Behav Res Ther.

Self-reported suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Kumar G, Steer RA. Psychosocial correlates of suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Suicide Life Threat Behav. Suicide ideation at its worst point: a predictor of eventual suicide in psychiatric outpatients.

Clinical rating scales in suicide risk assessment. Factor analysis of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation with female suicide attempters. Factors of suicide ideation and their relation to clinical and other indicators in older adults. J Affect Disord. Identifying correlates of suicide attempts in suicidal ideators: a population-based study. Ayub N. Zhang J, Brown GK. Psychometric properties of the scale for suicide ideation in china.

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Well assessed screening instruments are available e. However these instruments bear several limitations which have been discussed in the literature: Instruments measuring aspects of suicidality are known for their high false positive rate.

Some use static variables eg family history that do not change over time, possibly underestimating the acute level of exacerbation. Predictive validity for most suicide measures has not been established. Brief screening instruments have been mainly developed for and assessed in research populations, making their generalizability for the regular primary care setting questionable [].

The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility, significance and implication of routinely using suicidal-ideation-questionnaires during assessment of the suicidal youth. The underlying hypotheses to be tested were: 1 Youths will fill in the questionnaires; 2 clinical assessment will correlate with the SIQ score 3 ; the suicide item on the Y-LSQ will correlate with the SIQ score. Participants were 35 adolescents presenting consecutively for emergency assessment of suicidality between May and January to the department of child and adolescent psychiatry, ZfP Suedwuerttemberg, Germany.

The department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry serves a catchment area of The mean age in the sample was Main reason for referral was suicidal ideation, attempted suicide and selfharm. The SIQ [21] is a self-report instrument for suicidal ideation, appropriate for ages As one component in a comprehensive assessment of adolescent mental health it can serve the professional as an initial source of information.

It does not predict suicide in itself [], however it has been shown to be a moderately to highly sensitive marker of possible subsequent suicide attempts and broad suicidality []. Content validity for the SIQ items ranges from. I thought of when I would kill myself. A high score on the SIQ is indicative of frequent and pervasive suicidal ideation. Scores and items can be used in four basic ways: total score, cut-off scores, critical item review, or clinical perusal of individual items.

Cut-off score for the SIQ is a sum of 41 and higher, indicating the need of further evaluation of psychopathology. The 8 items are presented in Table 1. For the pilot study the SIQ was translated into German, a retranslation was preformed to ensure correctness of translation.

To assure understandability further two questions querying understanding and straightforwardness of answers were added to the SIQ. The Y-LSQ [26] is designed to describe a wide range of situations, behaviors, and moods that are common to adolescents.

The score is categorized into normal 0—38 , mild 52—64 , moderate 52—64 and severe psychological distress 65— The Y-LSQ encompasses one suicide item, which was of interest for this study [27, 28]. It has a high reliability of 0. TASR is neither a diagnostic tool since suicide is a behaviour rather than a medical diagnosis nor a predictive tool as there exists no tool that has been shown to predict reliably suicide [12].

It is a standardized checklist which, embedded in a broader framework of assessment e. Risk factors are grouped in 1 individual risk profile e. Individual-risk-profile items weigh 1 point, symptom-risk-profile items 2 points and interview-risk-profile items 3 points.

The score indicates high, medium or low suicide risk. The questionnaires were translated from English into German, re-translation by a native speaker proved to be reliable for each item. All clinicians working on-call were trained in administering the suicide-risk-checklist. After handing in the questionnaires to a nurse, standard psychiatric assessment for suicidality was performed by the clinician within 15—30 min on average. The classification of low, medium and high suicide risk was done by clinical judgement, supported by the suicide-risk-checklist.

The questionnaires and the standardized suicide-risk-checklist were analysed afterwards by an independent researcher. Data was analysed using SPSS version Descriptive statistics were used for demographic data. One adolescent did not meet the age criteria. Three youths refused 8. Discharge took place on average after 4. Main ICD10 diagnoses given were: affective disorder F There was no correlation between high suicidality and a specific diagnosis. Reasons for not understanding questions were not given.

Due to small numbers the participants classified during assessment as medium and high risk were summarized for further calculations as one group. Table 3. This study indicates that the SIQ can be used during clinical assessment of adolescents in crisis. Youths will fill in questionnaires before meeting the clinician. Only 3 youths refused to participate, due to underlying symptomatic distress, overall oppositional behaviour. With an internal consistency of.

However due to the small sample size this may only be a figure for orientation. A reliable estimation needs a larger sample. In a larger study, it also should be of interest, which questions youths find difficult to understand.

Amount of distress, symptoms associated with certain diagnoses eg schizophrenia, autism or wording of the items are possible explanations and should be differentiated in further studies.

The reason for referral in this sample was suicidality or self-harm, therefore the intention, when handing out the SIQ, was not to screen for suicidal ideation. However, risk assessment in suicidal youths is complex. A thorough risk assessment should therefore include several sources of information. Youths may not disclose all relevant information in an interview. We queried if a youths are generally able to fill in a questionnaire in acute crisis and b if information given on the SIQ questionnaire reliably affirms clinical judgement.

The lack of correlation between the total SIQ score and the clinical risk assessment was surprising, but may be explainable by several facts: a the small sample size; b different points in time of reference: the SIQ covers suicidal ideation within the past month, whilst the suicide-risk-checklist assesses suicidality at emergency presentation; c time at which information is given: the SIQ is filled in before assessment, the suicide-risk-checklist after assessment, about 1.

Safer et al. Other studies report that suicidal ideation fluctuates within short periods of time [34]. All of them stress the importance of using different approaches to measures the risk of suicidality accurately.

When analysing only the 8 critical items of the SIQ in correlation with clinical assessment the result changes: the score of the 8 critical items on the SIQ correlates significantly with clinical risk-assessment. This goes conform to a study from Gutierrez and Osman [35] who demonstrated in a large high-school as well as in a clinical sample that the 8 critical items perform well in differentiating suicide attempters from non suicidal high-school students.

Methodological limitations to be noted are: All youths, who were included, presented for assessment of suicidality, the absence of non-suicidal individuals filling in the questionnaire may have biased the results.

Also, due to the small sample, the significance of the findings is limited. The findings should be reproduced in a larger mixed sample, comparing a school sample in which a lower rate of suicidal ideation is to be expected with a clinical sample, including all reasons for referral with probably a higher rate of suicidal ideation , to validate the results.

Sensitivity and specificity should be also evaluated for subpopulations such as restrained youths. In addition, it has to be taken into account that youths included were emergency presentations and evaluated by the clinician on call. The heterogeneity of experience and training of the clinicians may have caused a non-homogeneous risk assessment. Risk assessment in suicidal youths is complex. A thorough assessment should include several sources of information.

The SIQ, especially the 8 critical items, which correlate well with clinical assessment, is a feasible instrument for youths in acute crisis. With caution it can be concluded that using the SIQ during assessment can complement but not replace clinical assessment.

Larger samples are needed. IB contributed to research design, aided in data analysis, and coordinated and drafted the manuscript; NC carried out data collection, performed data analysis and contributed to the manuscript; RS contributed to research design and to the manuscript; JMF contributed to the manuscript.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Isabel Boege, Email: [email protected]. Nicole Corpus, Email: [email protected]. Renate Schepker, Email: [email protected]. Joerg M Fegert, Email: [email protected]. Skip to content. Published online Oct 3. World Health Organization website. Epidemiology of suicide and attempted suicidederived from the health system database in theIslamic Republic of Iran: — East Mediterr Health J. Trends in suicide ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts in the United States, — to — Institute of Medicine.

Reducing suicide: A national imperative. Scientizing and routinizing the outpatient assessment of suicidality. Prof Psychol-Res P. Factors associated with suicide ideation in adults. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. Factors associated with suicidal ideation: Role of emotional and instrumental support. J Psychosom Res. Prevalence of suicide ideation and suicide attempts in nine countries. Psychological Medicine. Psychol Med. Prevalence of suicide thoughts, plans and attempts in a community sample from Karaj, Iran.

Community Ment Health J. Brown Gregory K. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania; Scale for Suicidal Ideation: psychometric properties of a self-report version. J Clin Psychol. The suicide assessment scale: psychometric properties of a Norwegian language version. BMC Res Note.

Routine use of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation in psychiatric emergenct department. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. Tyrer P, Methuen C. Rating Scales in Psychiatry. In: Freeman C, Tyrer P eds. Research Methods in Psychiatry. Twenty suicide assessment instruments: Evaluation and recommendations. Death Stud. Suicide: an overview. Couns Psychol. Assessment of suicidal intention: the Scale for Suicide Ideation.

J Consult Clin Psychol. Hopelessness and eventual suicide: a year prospective study of patients hospitalized with suicidal ideation. Am J Psychiatry. Dimensions of suicidal ideation in psychiatric inpatients.

Behav Res Ther. Self-reported suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Kumar G, Steer RA. Psychosocial correlates of suicidal ideation in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Suicide Life Threat Behav. Suicide ideation at its worst point: a predictor of eventual suicide in psychiatric outpatients. Clinical rating scales in suicide risk assessment. Factor analysis of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation with female suicide attempters. Factors of suicide ideation and their relation to clinical and other indicators in older adults.

J Affect Disord. Identifying correlates of suicide attempts in suicidal ideators: a population-based study. Ayub N. Zhang J, Brown GK. Psychometric properties of the scale for suicide ideation in china. Arch Suicide Res. Rahimi M. The majority of people who die by suicide visit a healthcare provider within months before their death.

This represents a tremendous opportunity to identify those at risk and connect them with mental health resources. Yet, most healthcare settings do not screen for suicide risk. In February , the Joint Commission, the accrediting organization for health care programs in hospitals throughout the United States, issued a Sentinel Event Alert recommending that all medical patients in all medical settings inpatient hospital units, outpatient practices, emergency departments be screened for suicide risk.

Using valid suicide risk screening tools that have been tested in the medical setting and with youth, will help clinicians accurately detect who is at risk and who needs further intervention. In another multisite research study was launched to validate the ASQ among adults.

For medical settings, one of the biggest barriers to screening is how to effectively and efficiently manage the patients that screen positive. Prior to screening for suicide risk, each setting will need to have a plan in place to manage patients that screen positive.

The ASQ Toolkit was developed to assist with this management plan and to aid implementation of suicide risk screening and provide tools for the management of patients who are found to be at risk. The Ask Suicide-Screening Questions ASQ toolkit is designed to screen medical patients ages 8 years and above for risk of suicide As there are no tools validated for use in kids under the age of 8 years, if suicide risk is suspected in younger children a full mental health evaluation is recommended instead of screening.

The ASQ is free of charge and available in multiple languages. For all patients, any other visitors in the room should be asked to leave the room during screening. Patients who screen positive for suicide risk on the ASQ should receive a brief suicide safety assessment BSSA conducted by a trained clinician e. The BSSA should be brief and guides what happens next in each setting. Any patient that screens positive, regardless of disposition, should be given the Patient Resource List.

For questions regarding toolkit materials or implementing suicide risk screening, please contact: Lisa Horowitz, PhD, MPH at horowitzl mail. These materials can be used in other settings with youth e. Horowitz, L.

Psychosomatics, 61 6 , Hospital Pediatrics, 10 9 , Aguinaldo, L. General Hospital Psychiatry, 68 , 52— Brahmbhatt, K. Suicide risk screening in pediatric hospitals: Clinical pathways to address a global health crisis.

Psychosomatics , 60 1 , Roaten, K. Universal pediatric suicide risk screening in a health care system: 90, patient encounters. Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Screening pediatric medical patients for suicide risk: Is depression screening enough?

Journal of Adolescent Health, SX 21